Varicose veins are the earliest manifestation of incompetence in saphenous and deep venous system. We presume that varicose vein is a blood shear stress - driven inflammatory disease. This study will highlight the role of altered blood shear stress in the development of venous endothelial dysfunction in low shear systems such as varicose veins. It would also pave the way to identify potential agents which can modulate this dysfunction at an earlier stage of disease development and also to attenuate disease progression in patients with varicose veins.

Arteriovenous malformations (AVM) are tangles of dysplastic blood vessels which shunt blood from arteries to veins with no intervening capillary bed. Cerebral AVMs, are important causal factors of intracranial hemorrhage which result in permanent disability or death, if not detected early and corrected surgically. We are focusing on the genetic basis and hemodynamic factors involved in the pathophysiology of high shear systems such as cerebral AVMs.